Guardianship, Custody, and Power of Attorney

What this is

A plain-language explanation of the arrangements that determine who may make decisions for a child, written for general understanding rather than as legal advice.

Why it matters

Caregivers are often told to 'get guardianship' without being told what it changes, costs, or requires. Understanding the categories makes the conversation with a legal professional far more productive.

What you should know

• Custody generally refers to legal decision-making and physical care, often decided in family court.
• Guardianship generally gives a non-parent authority to make decisions for a child; procedures and names vary by state.
• A power of attorney is usually narrower and temporary, and can often be revoked by the parent.
• Some states have specific, simpler forms for relatives caring for a child.
• School enrollment and medical consent rules do not always require full guardianship — ask what the specific institution requires.
• This is general information only; state law governs and an attorney or legal-aid organization should advise on your circumstances.